hemiballismus मीनिंग इन हिंदी

उदाहरण वाक्य

1. Hemiballismus is a hyperkinetic movement disorder that causes uncontrolled movement on one side of the body.
2. "Hemiballismus can also be induced by damage to other areas of the basal ganglia besides the subthalamic nucleus.
3. Typically caused by damage to the subthalamic nucleus or nuclei, hemiballismus movements are nonrhythmic, rapid, nonsuppressible, and violent.
4. Pharmacological treatments include the typical neuroleptic agents such as fluphenazine, pimozide, haloperidol and perphenazine which block dopamine receptors; these are the first line of treatment for hemiballismus.
5. Some examples include athetosis, chorea with or without hemiballismus, tremor, dystonia, and segmental or focal myoclonus, although the prevalence of these manifestations after stroke is quite low.
6. Unilateral destruction or disruption of the subthalamic nucleus  which can commonly occur via a small vessel stroke in patients with diabetes, hypertension, or a history of smoking  produces hemiballismus.
7. Tetrabenazine works by depleting presynaptic dopamine and blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors, while reserpine depletes the presynaptic catecholamine and serotonin stores; both of these drugs treat hemiballismus successfully but may cause depression, hypotension and parkinsonism.
8. Since the internal segment of the globus pallidus ( GPi ) is the link in the circuit between the STN and thalamic projection, destruction of localized brain cells in the GPi via a pallidotony has proven to serve as a useful treatment for Hemiballismus.
9. The importance of these subcortical nuclei for normal brain function and behavior is emphasized by the numerous and diverse neurological conditions associated with basal ganglia dysfunction, which include : disorders of behavior control such as Tourette syndrome, hemiballismus, and obsessive compulsive disorder; dystonia; addiction; and movement disorders, the most notable of which are Parkinson's disease, which involves degeneration of the dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and Huntington's disease, which primarily involves damage to the striatum.