hypaxial उदाहरण वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
- In fishes, salamanders, caecilians, and reptiles, the body musculature remains segmented as in the embryo, though it often becomes folded and overlapping, with epaxial and hypaxial masses divided into several distinct muscle groups.
- The exception is " Trichosurus ", which remarkably among marsupials has shifted the hypaxial muscles from the epipubic to the pelvis, exploying a more placental-like breathing, having lost the benefits of the epipubic in regards to lung ventilation.
- PAX3 is generally expressed at its highest levels during embryonic development and is expressed at a lesser degree during the fetal stages; it is expressed in migrating hypaxial cells and dermomyotome cells, but is not expressed at all during the development of facial muscle.
- Azizi " et al . " constructed a mathematical model to predict the final hypaxial fiber angle, AGR and dorsoventral height, where : ?x = longitudinal extension ratio of the segment ( portortion of final longitudinal length after contraction to initial longitudinal length ), ? = final fiber angle, ? = initial fiber angle, f = initial fiber length, and ?x and ?f = longitudinal and fiber strain respectively.
- Only placentals, and possibly the early mammaliformes " Megazostrodon " and " Erythrotherium ", lack them; in thylacines and sparassodonts, they appear to have become primarily cartilaginous and the osseous element has become strongly reduced or even absent . " Trichosurus " mimicked placentals in shifting hypaxial muscles attachment sites from the epipubic to the pelvis, losing the respiratory benefits ( see below ), but otherwise retains large epipubics.
- Via this equation, we see that z is directly proportional to ?; the strain experienced by the EO exceeds that of the IO . Azizi " et al . " discovered that the initial hypaxial fiber ? trajectory in the EO is greater than that of the IO . Because initial ? trajectory is proportional to the AGR, the EO contracts with a greater AGR than the IO . The resulting velocity amplification allows both layers of muscles to operate at similar strains and shortening velocities; this enables the EO and IO to function on comparable portions of the length-tension and force-velocity curves.