impact parameter उदाहरण वाक्य

Note also, that if we consider the impact parameters to be the start of the two perfectly horizontal lines at left ( the system is completely reversible : the exit point could also be the entry point ), the two trajectories are initially so close as to be almost identical.
Rutherford realized this, and also realized that actual impact of the alphas on gold causing any force-deviation from that of the 1 / r coulomb potential would change the " form " of his scattering curve at high scattering angles ( the smallest impact parameters ) from a hyperbola to something else.
Also, in simulating crystalline materials the selection process of the next colliding lattice atom and the impact parameter " p " always involve several parameters which may not have perfectly well defined values, which may affect the results 10-20 % even for quite reasonable-seeming choices of the parameter values.
For many plasmas of interest it takes on values between 5 and 15 . ( For convenient formulas, see pages 34 and 35 of the " NRL Plasma formulary " . ) The limits of the impact parameter integral are not sharp, but are uncertain by factors on the order of unity, leading to theoretical uncertainties on the order of 1 / ?.