penning trap उदाहरण वाक्य

Although charged particles can be trapped using a Penning trap or a Paul trap using a combination of electric and magnetic fields, those traps do not work for neutral atoms.
The method was studied in detail and the first Penning trap used in ISOLTRAP was reconstructed and optimized for efficient accumulation, cooling, and ion beam purification via isobar separation.
In any case, the antiprotons made at Fermilab, which zip around their storage ring at nearly the speed of light, are far too energetic for experiments using Penning traps.
A different approach was envisioned for AIMStar in which small fusion fuel droplets would be injected into a cloud of antiprotons confined in a very small volume within a reaction Penning trap.
Penning traps, the central element in modern high-accuracy high-sensitivity mass measurement installations, enable measurements of accuracies approaching 1 part in 10 ^ 11 on single ions.

Like the tokomak fusion reactors scientists hope will one day supply cheap electric energy from controlled hydrogen fusion, a Penning trap confines and squeezes its contents using electromagnetic fields rather than solid walls.
Extremely small amounts of antihydrogen have been produced in laboratories, but containing them ( by cooling them to temperatures of several millikelvins and trapping them in a Penning trap ) is extremely difficult.
In one, a Penning trap would be loaded with both antiprotons and positrons, with the hope that a few positrons would be captured in stable orbits around antiprotons, creating stable antiatoms of antihydrogen.
The empty core of a Penning trap is kept at a temperature of about minus 452 degrees Fahrenheit by a chamber containing liquid helium, which in turn is surrounded by a chamber filled with liquid nitrogen.
Interestingly, at the same time Gerald Gabrielse proposed using a Penning trap mass spectrometer at CERN for the investigation of antiprotons, which turned out to become another very important and successful endeavor with ion traps.