informal fallacy उदाहरण वाक्य

"' No true Scotsman "'is a kind of informal fallacy in which one attempts to protect a universal generalization from rhetoric, without reference to any specific objective rule ( " no Scotsman would do such a thing "; i . e ., those who perform that action are not part of our group and thus criticism of that action is not criticism of the group ).
The fallacy of "'converse accident "'( also called "'reverse accident "', "'destroying the exception "', or " "'a dicto secundum quid ad dictum simpliciter " "') is an informal fallacy that can occur in a statistical syllogism when an exception to a generalization is wrongly excluded, and the generalization wrongly called for as applying to all cases.